INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING_2025 -26

 

                                       23CS01-INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

Pre-requisite : Mathematics, Basic Computer concepts 

Course Objectives:

 • To introduce students to the fundamentals of computer programming.

 • To provide hands-on experience with coding and debugging. 

• To foster logical thinking and problem-solving skills using programming. 

• To familiarize students with programming concepts such as data types, control structures, functions, and arrays.

 • To encourage collaborative learning and teamwork in coding projects. 

Course Outcomes: 

At the end of this course, the student will be able to 

CO1: Understand basics of computers, concept of algorithms and flowcharts. (Understand-L2) 

CO2: Understand the features of C language. (Understand-L2) 

CO3: Interpret the problem and develop an algorithm to solve it. (Apply-L3) 

CO4: Implement various algorithms using the C programming language. (Apply-L3) 

CO5: Develop skills required for problem-solving and optimizing the code (Apply-L3)

 UNIT – I  Click the link for Unit 1 Material  Link 2

Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving History of Computers, Basic organization of a computer: ALU, input-output units, memory, program counter, Introduction to Programming Languages, Basics of a Computer Program, Algorithms, flowcharts (Using Dia Tool), pseudo code. Introduction to Compilation and Execution, Primitive Data Types, Variables, and Constants, Basic Input and Output, Operations, Type Conversion, and Casting. Problem solving techniques: Algorithmic approach, characteristics of algorithm, Problem solving strategies: Top-down approach, Bottom-up approach, Time and space complexities of algorithms.

UNIT – II 

Control Structures Simple sequential programs Conditional Statements (if, if-else, switch), Loops (for, while, do while) Break and Continue.

 UNIT – III 

Arrays and Strings Arrays indexing, memory model, programs with array of integers, two dimensional arrays, Introduction to Strings. 

UNIT – IV 

Pointers & User Defined Data types Pointers, dereferencing and address operators, pointer and address arithmetic, array manipulation using pointers, User-defined data types-Structures and Unions. 

UNIT – V 

Functions & File Handling Introduction to Functions, Function Declaration and Definition, Function call Return Types and Arguments, modifying parameters inside functions using pointers, arrays as parameters. Scope and Lifetime of Variables, Basics of File Handling

Textbooks: 

1. "The C Programming Language", Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, Prentice Hall, 1988 

2. Schaum’s Outline of Programming with C, Byron S Gottfried, McGraw-Hill Education, 1996

 Reference Books: 

1. Computing fundamentals and C Programming, Balaguruswamy, E., McGraw-Hill Education, 2008.

 2. Programming in C, Rema Theeraja, Oxford, 2016, 2nd edition

 3. C Programming, A Problem Solving Approach, Forouzan, Gilberg, Prasad, CENGAGE, 3rd edition